Electric-arc lamp



No. 625,432. Patented may 23, I899. s. BERGMANN.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(Application fllod rm. 17, 189B.)

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(No Model.)

INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIGMUND BERGMANN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERAL INOANDESCENT ARC LIGHT COMPANY, OF NEWV YORK.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,432, dated May 23, 1899.

Application filed February 17, 1898. Serial No. 670672. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIGMUND BERGMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, county and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of electric-arc lamps which are known in the art as inclosec arc-lamps.

My invention further relates to inclosed arclamps adapted to be employed with an alternating electric current.

The object of my invention is to so construct the carbon regulating and feeding mechanism of the lamp that the objectionable vibrations of the upper carbon in first starting the lamp shall be entirely overcome; further, to pro-' vide means for centering the opening in the top of the arc-inclosing globe in the line of feed of the upper carbon.

In the accompanying drawings,which illustrate my invention, similarnumerals indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of the lamp as a whole with one of the magnets removed in order to show clearly the arrangement of the parts forming the carbon regulating and feeding mechanism. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the carbon feeding and regulating mechanism and shows in full, broken, and dotted lines the various positions assumed by the parts in forming the arc and in the subsequent feeding operations. Fig. 3 is afront view of the carbon feeding and regulating mechanism and shows in full, broken, and dotted lines the various positions assumed by the clutch mechanism in forming the arc and in the subsequent feeding operations. Fig. 4 is a plan View showing the top of the lower portion of the clutch and the springs which convey the current to the carbon-supportin g rod. Fig. 5 is a top view of the clutch. Fig. 6 is a front Vl6W.. Fig. 7 is abottom view. Fig.

8 is a plan view of the cap which covers the top of the arc-inclosing globe and also showing the side rods in section.

In the drawings, 5 indicates the floor orbase plate of the lamp; 6, parallel rods depending from the base-plate and which serve to support the cross-piece 7, whichcarries the lower carbon 8 and arc-inclosing globe 9. Mounted on the base-plate 5 and supporting the roof of the lamp 10 are the parallel rods 11, Fig. 8.

12, Fig. 3,. are a pair of solenoid-magnets which are carried by suitable supports on the rods 11.

13 is the armature of the magnet, substantially U-shaped, the vertical arms 14 of which are located and adapted to move vertically in the hollow core of the magnets 12. This armature is formed, as is usual with armatures of alternating-current lamps, of a series of superposed laminated plates.

15 is a rod, Figs. 1 and 2, located betweenthe magnets 12 and secured to the base-plate 5 at the bottom and at the top to the stop 16 on the cross-bar which supports the magnets 12. r The rod 15 passes through an opening in the horizontal portion of the armature 13, and hence acts as a guide to the armature in its Vertical movement.

17 indicates the upper carbon, and 18 the supporting-rod for the upper carbon. This rod extends upward through the plate 5 and is inclosed by the clutch 19, Figs. 3 and 4. The mechanism of the clutch, which is situated in front of the magnets and which will hereinafter be described, is carried by the forward extension 20 of a yoke 20, mounted loosely upon the rod 15. Located behind the magnets is a dash-pot 21, the plungerof which is carriedby the backward extension 20 of the yoke 20. This extension also carries the adjustable weights 22, which are employed to counterbalance the weight of the upper carbon, its supporting-rod, and the clutch. The yoke 20 is movable on the sleeve 15, which surrounds the rod 15, and located between the bottom of the yoke and the top of the horizontal portion of the armature and surrounding the sleeve 15 is a helical spring 23. A similar helical spring 23 is arranged between the top of the yoke and a stop 24:, adjustable upon the sleeve 15.

23 is a helical spring which surrounds the rod 15 and located between the stop 24 and the stop 16 on the cross-bar which supports the magnets. I

25 represents a series of flat springs, Fig.

carbon-supporting rod and thence to the upper carbon. The clutch consists of the arms 26, which are hinged at 27 and have formed a diamond-shaped opening between them.

These arms are carried by the springs 28,.

which are connected to the horizontal plate 29, supported by the rods 30, which are connected to the forward extension 20 of the yoke 20.

31 indicates a pin projecting upward from the base-plate 5, and which when the clutch is in its lower position serves to bring the arms 25 into the same horizontal plane and so release the carbon-rod. Situated over the arc-inclosing globe 9 is the cap 32, constructed as is usual in lamps of this description. Connected to the top of this cap are the lateral arms 33, so shaped at their outer ends as to partially surround the supporting rods 6. The object of this arrangement is to center the opening through which the upper carbon 17 passes and to maintain such opening in the required position. This device also serves as a guide to the lamp-trimmer in replacing arcinclosing globe 9. In practice I have found that if this device is not used the globe is sometimes not properly screwed down in position, with the result that the carbons do not come in line, but pass each other.

The operation of the lamp is as follows, and in order that this description may be fully understood reference is had to Figs. 2 and 3: WVhen the current is turned on, the first action is for the magnets to pull the armature 13 violently upward, or, in other Words, carry the armature to the position indicated as the second position, Fig. 2. Owing to the fact, however, that the yoke 20 is held down by the weight of the carbon-supporting rod (clutch and carbon in front of the magnets) and by the dash-pot and weight (at the back of the magnets) the spring 23, between the horizontal portion of the armature and the yoke 20, is compressed by the upward movement of the armature and the spring 23, between the yoke and the stop 24 on the sleeve 15, expanded by the upward movement of the sleeve. lVhen the armature has reached its highest position-i. 0., that shown as the second position, Fig. 2it comes to rest. The resiliency of the springs 23 23* then comes in to action and forces the yoke 20 and the parts carried by it-t'. 6., the top of the clutch and dash-potupward, this motion being very gradual, owing to the gradual expansive force of the springs. This is illustrated in Fig. 3. When the clutch is at rest, it occupies the position shown in full lines; when the armature has reached its highest position, the position shown in broken lines, and when the spring has expanded its full expansive force, the position shown in the dotted lines, Fig. As the springs force the yoke 20 upward the outer ends of the arms 25 of the clutch are drawn upward. The effect of this is to contract the diamond-shaped opening between the arms of the clutch, (in which the carbonsupporting rod 18 is located,) so that these arms grasp the carbon-supporting rod and carry it upward, and soform the are between the carbons. As the yoke 20 is carried upward the sleeve 15, stop 24, and spring 23 are carried with it until the spring 23 impinges on the stop 16, which brings the yoke to rest. As the arc is lengthened the armature feeds downward until the bottom of the clutch strikes the pin 31, projecting upward from the base-plate 5. This again establishes the horizontal relation of the clutch-arms and allows the carbon-supporting rod to slide through them to feed.

It will be observed that the upward movement of the carbon-supporting rod is much less rapid than the upward movement of the armature and that it is not simultaneous therewith, but follows the movement of the armature; further, that the feeding movement is at the same rate of speed as the armature and simultaneous therewith. This feature may be said to be the essential feature of my improvement, as by reason of it the quick upward movement of the carbon and the subsequent rapid vibration usual in alternating lamps are entirely eliminated, and in practice it is found that the lamps start with no more motion than is found in the best forms of arc-lamps using a continuous current.

I do not Wish to limit myself in any wise to the special clutch mechanism herein described, as obviously different forms of clutch may be used; neither do I wish to limit myself to the exact mechanism as herein described located between the clutch and the spring carried by the armature, as this mechanism may also be changed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In an arc-lamp the combination with the actuating-magnets and the armature thereof, of a gravity-feeding carbon-carrier; a yoke, a clutch mechanism carried on one side of the yoke, a device for retarding the upward movement of the clutch mechanism on the other side of the yoke, and a resilient device interposed between the bottom of the yoke and the armature of the magnet.

2. In an arc lamp the combination with the actuatingmagnets and the armature thereof, of a gravity-feeding carbon-carrier; a clutch mechanism comprising two hinged arms with an opening for the carbon-carrier between them, a spring connecting the outward ends of said arms and an elastic and resilient connection between said spring and said arma ture.

3. In an arc-lamp the combination with the actuating-magnets of an armature therefor, a guide for said armature, a yoke mounted on said guide; a clutch and dash-pot carried by said yoke, and a spring surrounding said guide and interposed between said yoke and said armature.

4:. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the actuating-magnets, of an armature therefor, a guide, a sleeve on said guide, a yoke movable 011 said sleeve, a clutch and dash-pot carried by said yoke, a spring surrounding said sleeve and interposed between the top of the yoke and a stop on the sleeve, and a spring surrounding said sleeve and interposed between the bottom of said yoke and said armature.

5. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the actuating-magnets, of an armature therefor, a guide for said armature, a sleeve surrounding said guide, a yoke movable on said sleeve, a spring surrounding the sleeve between the armature and yoke, a spring surrounding the sleeve between the yoke and a stop on the sleeve, and a spring surrounding the guide SIGMUND BERGMANN.

Witnesses:

W. T. FOSTER, FRED. B. ANGELL. 

